Realms Choose one for its details; the globe turns to it.
This border
Realm existed
Area
Borders from Cliopatria, approximate.
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Sources
Borders: Cliopatria , Seshat Global History Databank, CC BY 4.0 : the realms of 3400 BCE to 2024, simplified for display. Today’s countries are its realms of 2024, drawn until the current year.
Borders of Magadha and its successors (the Nanda, Maurya and Shunga empires, 600 to 171 BCE): traced from Magadha Expansion by Avantiputra7, after Schwartzberg’s Historical Atlas of South Asia , CC BY-SA 4.0 ; the traced borders are shared under the same licence.
Borders of the Bamana Empire of Ségou (1766 to 1802), Kaarta, Kong and the Mossi and Hausa kingdoms: traced from Africa de l’Oèst (fin sègle XVIII) by Nicolas Eynaud, CC BY-SA 4.0 ; the traced borders are shared under the same licence.
Borders of the Luba Empire: traced from Lunda Empire , Library of Congress (Zaire: A Country Study , 1994, after Jan Vansina’s Kingdoms of the Savanna ), public domain.
Borders of the Kingdom of Great Zimbabwe: taken from African civilizations map (pre-colonial) by Jeff Israel, CC BY-SA 3.0 ; the borders are shared under the same licence.
Borders of the United States from 1783 to 1889: the land it owned after each treaty or purchase (the Treaty of Paris, the Louisiana Purchase, Florida, Texas, Oregon, the Mexican Cession, the Gadsden and Alaska purchases), where Cliopatria draws only the land it had settled. Drawn from today’s states and rivers in Natural Earth 1:10m, public domain, cut along the treaty lines.
Borders of the British dominions (Canada from 1867, growing with each province, Newfoundland from 1907, Australia from 1901, New Zealand from 1907, South Africa from 1910), which Cliopatria draws inside the British Empire until 1932 to 1948, and of land owned but not yet settled (Australia before 1901, Mexico’s north before 1848, Russian America before 1867, all of Greenland from 1921): drawn from today’s countries and provinces in Natural Earth 1:10m, public domain.
Borders of French India’s five trading posts (Pondicherry, Karikal, Mahé, Yanam and Chandernagore), shown only in the years France held them: Pondicherry, Karikal and Yanam are the parts of today’s Puducherry in Natural Earth 1:10m, public domain; Mahé and Chandernagore, too small for it, are drawn as squares of their area around the town.
Civilization names in other languages, key figures and links between realms: Wikidata , CC0.
Card pictures: the realm’s picture, coat of arms or flag on Wikidata , or else the lead picture of its English Wikipedia article; every file is on Wikimedia Commons and is credited with its author and licence.
Realm overviews: the opening paragraph of the realm’s Wikipedia article, in the reader’s language when there is one (CC BY-SA 4.0 ), with the photos and videos the article shows, kept only when they are on Wikimedia Commons , each credited with its author and licence.
Events: the Mongol ones and a few others (the growth of the United States and Canada, the British dominions, the ends of the two World Wars) written for this site from standard references; the others from Wikidata (CC0), with the opening paragraph of their Wikipedia article (CC BY-SA 4.0 ); pictures from the events’ Wikipedia articles, shown only when the file is on Wikimedia Commons , with its author and licence.
History travel: the turning points were chosen and written for this site from standard references; each links to its Wikipedia article and to searches on Britannica and World History Encyclopedia.
Documentaries: hand-picked, each linked to its page on Netflix, National Geographic, Discovery Channel or History Channel.
Globe imagery: Natural Earth II, public domain, as packaged with CesiumJS (Apache 2.0).
Map coastlines: Natural Earth 1:50m land, public domain, via world-atlas (ISC), read with topojson-client (ISC). Projections by d3-geo and d3-geo-projection (ISC).
Fonts: Newsreader (Production Type) and Instrument Sans (Instrument), SIL Open Font License 1.1 , served with the site through Fontsource .
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